Base Oil: The Foundation of Lubricant Performance

Base Oil: The Foundation of Lubricant Performance

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Base oil is the primary component in lubricating oils, forming 70–90% of the final product. It determines the fundamental characteristics of the lubricant, including viscosity, thermal stability, and oxidation resistance. Derived from refining crude oil or synthesizing chemical compounds, base oils are classified into five groups: Group I to Group V.

Group I and II oils are mineral-based and widely used in conventional engine oils and industrial lubricants. Group III oils, though still mineral-based, undergo advanced refining for higher performance. Group IV and V oils are synthetic and are preferred for high-performance and extreme-condition applications.

Base oils are used in engine oils, gear oils, hydraulic fluids, metalworking fluids, and more. The increasing demand for energy-efficient and low-emission lubricants has spurred the development of high-quality base oils with improved properties.

With the rise of electric vehicles and biodegradable lubricants, the base oil market is evolving rapidly, focusing on synthetic and environmentally friendly formulations.

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